Enlarged pores are due to multiple factors such as loss elastin due to aging, sun exposure accelerating
aging and increased sebum production. Loss of elastin and increase sebum cause the pores to stretch,
leading to enlargement. If these pores are clogged, inflammation ensues and with the presence of
bacteria leading to acne outbreak. Acne then leads to formation of acne scars, mainly divided into
boxcar, rolling and icepick scars.
Acne is primarily cause by increase sebum production and reduced turnover of dead skin cells, leading
to clogged pores which will then result in inflammation, bacterial infection which gives rise to red pus
filled bumps seen in acne. Other factors which contribute to acne are stress, diet high in sugar and
hormonal imbalances.
Uneven skin texture is commonly a result of excess dead skin cells that build up on the surface of the
skin. This can make areas of the skin feel rough or bumpy to the touch and can also give the skin a dull appearance. Factors such as smoking, aging, eczema and dehydration also contribute to uneven skin
texture.
Melanin produced by melonocyte cells on our skin is what determines the color of our skin and protect
us from ultraviolet (UV) rays produced by the sun. However, too much sun exposure leads to overproduction of melanin, leading to pigmentary disorders such as freckles, lentigos and melasma.
Wrinkles are the lines and creases that form in your skin as a result of the aging process in which we lose collagen and elastin. This in turns leads to skin laxity and decrease in elasticity which contributes to formation of wrinkles. Wrinkles can categorise into static wrinkles, which are seen when our face is at
rest (meaning no expression) and dynamic wrinkles, which are seen when we smile, laugh, frown or raise our eyebrows.
Moles are bening growths on the skin that develops when pigment cells known as melanocytes grow in
clusters. It is round or oval, has a smooth surface with a distinct edge, and is often dome-shaped. A common mole usually has an even color of pink, tan, or brown. People who have dark skin or hair tend to have darker moles than people with fair skin.